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Unit: Electricity

Page history last edited by Shu-Yee Chen 10 years ago

Unit: Electricity

Central Concept- Coulomb’s law provide the mathematical models to describe and predict the effects of electrostatic forces between distant objects. Fields in space that can transfer energy through space explain forces at a distance. Magnets or changing electric fields cause magnetic fields; electric charges or changing magnetic fields cause electric fields. Attraction and repulsion between electric charges at the atomic scale explain the structure, properties, and transformations of matter, as well as the contact forces between material objects.

Central Concept-Definition of Energy: "electrical energy" may mean energy stored in a battery or energy transmitted by electric currents.

Central Concept-Conservation of Energy: energy can be transferred from place to place by electric currents.

Science and Engineering Practices-Analyzing and interpreting data: After data has been collected, it must be analyzed in order to derive meaning. This allows scientists and engineers to identify significant features and patterns in the data, which can lead to drawing conclusions and possible solutions.

Learning Objectives:

By the end of this unit, you should be able to.... (Those in bold will be essential & will be assessed formally in the curriculum)

1.	Recognize that an electric charge tends to be static on insulators and can move on and in conductors, and explain that energy can produce a separation of charges.
2.	Explain the charge model (mobile electrons and fixed positive ions; conservation of charge), and recall the unit of charge (Coulomb).
3.	Explain triboelectric charging, charging by conduction, and grounding by applying the charge model. Relate the charges on one object to the charges on another object used to charge it.
4.	Describe polarization in terms of the charge model, and how polarization starts.
5.	Describe conceptually the attractive or repulsive forces between objects relative to their charges and the distance between them (Coulombs Law)
6.	For a pair of point charges, describe the direction of the electric forces they exert on each other, and relate the strength of the force to the amount of charge and the separation of the objects (Coulombs Law)
7.	Sketch electric fields around simple arrangements of charges, and predict the behavior of test particles in an electric field.
8.	Describe how a charged object will do work on an electron moving near it.
9.	Develop a qualitative and quantitative understanding of current, voltage, resistance, and the connection between them (Ohm's Law).
10.	Analyze simple arrangements of electrical components in both series and parallel circuits. recognize symbols and understand the functions of common circuit element (battery, connecting wire, switch, fuse, and resistance) in a schematic diagram.
11.	Explain how electric current is a flow of charge caused by a potential difference (voltage) and how power is equal to current muleiplie by voltage.
12.	Connect a battery, wire, and bulb so that the bulb lights up. Explain the functioning of such circuit.
13.	Identify and analyze simple, series and parallel circuits, using schematic diagrams

Vocabulary:

charge	static	insulators	conductors	attraction
repulsion	conduction	charge model (Conservation of Charge)	Coulomb	triboelectric charging
grounding	polarization	induction	source	load
wire	AC	DC	current	voltage
resistance	power	Ampere	Ohms	Watts
simple circuit	series circuit	parallel circuit	complex circuit	schematic diagram (circuit diagram)
short circuit	iterative process	design	modeling	system